One of the fundamental things to know when studying genetics is the basic structure of DNA and how it is replicated.
 DNA is the “blueprint” that contains all the instructions for making the proteins that each cell needs, whether it is a single celled bacterium or a multicellular organism like humans.
 J. Watson, F. Crick, and M. Wilkins received the Nobel Prize (1962) for discovering the structure of DNA. (R. Franklin might have also received the prize for this discovery, but she died in 1958.)